Learning to Conquer a Fear free essay sample

Learning Experience Timothy Bunnell 9/ 13/ 2010 Ronald Foster Abstract Before enlisting in the United States Marine Corps, I was completely terrified of flying. My fear of flying was based on sensationalizing media reports of aircraft mishaps, and the devastation they sometimes caused. Once a Marine, I was conditioned by several methods of learning to develop a love of flying. Fear of flying is a well known phobia and is one that many people live and deal with everyday. Media coverage of disastrous aviation mishaps has provided much fuel to continue feeding this type of fear. Even though, statistically, flying is safer than driving as a mode of transportation, flying is still feared. Until Joining the United States Marine Corps in 1995, I was terrified of flying. The first time I ever traveled by air was on my way to basic training at Parris Island, South Carolina. During this flight, I discovered two important things: I loved the feeling of flying, and I was absolutely terrified by being in the air. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning to Conquer a Fear or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When I enlisted in the Marines, my Job was to be a helicopter mechanic. In the completion of my duties, I learned about the function of the aircraft, and realized that he aircraft is capable of doing amazing things, and that it is a remarkably safe aircraft. I was given the opportunity to begin flying as a crewmember when I received orders to deploy oversees in 1997. I was thrilled and terrified at the same time. I wanted to fly, but I needed to learn to control my fear of flying. Through several methods of conditioning, I was able to not only control my fear of flying; I was able to completely overcome it. Classic Conditioning In learning to overcome my fear, I had to learn to be able to trust the aircraft, and to trust my ability to function while in the air. The thought of trying to do this in an actual flying aircraft did not seem to be the best way to handle this. In an attempt to simulate performing in flight, I was requested to train in the aircraft weapon simulator. The simulator was used by pilots to simulate the aircraft function, motion, noise, and smell while having the safety of never breaking the deck. In addition to just training in the simulator, I was given the opportunity to actually take the controls and fly the simulator. As an avid video-gamer, this was a huge reward for me, as this was a life-sized, full motion simulator. The unconditioned stimulus in this learning xperience was the sensation and thrill of flight. The unconditioned responses were the rush of excitement, the sense euphoria, and complete lack of fear. In this simulator to build up to training in the actual aircraft. It also gave me a better understanding of how the aircrafts flight mechanics work to fly safely. I was familiarized with the aircraft functionality as a mechanic, and through the simulator, so the fear was reduced to a point that enabled me to get into the aircraft and fly. The conditioned stimulus was flight time, and use of the simulator. The conditioned response was excitement at the prospect of flying. Operant Conditioning In addition to classical conditioning methods, I also learned from operant conditioning. The behavior that was expected was satisfactory performance as a member of the crew. I knew that in order to do this, I needed to control my fear, and work with confidence. There were several consequences that helped to successfully develop this behavior. One of the consequences of successfully performing as a member of the crew was increased flight time. The better I performed, the more I was scheduled to fly. An additional consequence was an increase in salary by receiving flight pay. The more I flew, the more qualified I became. The more qualified I became, the more I was paid. These consequences provided positive reinforcement in the form of more money, and more flight time. This increased flight time caused an increase in the thrill I was able to receive from flying. I wanted to continue doing well, and performing in a highly proficient and effective manner in order to continue being scheduled for flight time, and to continue receiving more money. My reinforcement came at a fixed interval in the form ofa monthly pay check, and at a variable ratio in that my flight time was scheduled fairly regularly hough each month, but without a weekly schedule. Because of the powerful reinforcements used to ensure good performance, there is little chance of extinction of the behavior. I am not likely to lose my confidence in flight. Cognitive-social Learning Cognitive learning involves being able to consider means of solving a problem, and being able to develop a plan to implement those solutions. In order to overcome my fear of flying, I needed to develop a plan based on available assets to practice flying without fear. I knew that pilots train for flight through the use of the flight simulator. I also knew that the simulator was a full motion trainer that used motion and sound to give the pilots a life like training environment from the safety of the ground. When offered flight orders, I requested to be trained in the simulator to help overcome my fear, before I had to try training in an actual aircraft. I felt that this would give me the best chance of using a stepping stone approach to accomplish my goal of becoming a crewman. Part of my fear of flying was due to the chance of mechanic malfunction of the aircraft and the potential for a disastrous or fatal mishap. One of the tools available or use in the simulator is malfunction simulation. This function of the simulator allowed for safe practical application, and realistic effects from various types of malfunctions. In training with other crewmen, I was able to observe their reactions to the malfunctions, and to see their confidence in handling adverse situations. According to Todd Jones (2007), people can be creative in coming up with solutions by use of cognitive mechanisms, or by imitating the behavior they see in others around them. This was true in my case as I developed methods of working through the fear modeled by others. Influence of Media and Prejudice on Learning The Media has long been linked to behavior. Social culture as seen in multi-media settings often influences behavior in those around us. Consider for a moment how often one hears someone use a catch phrase made famous by a popular television show, or how people will begin to imitate the actions or mannerisms of a famous actor or character. Now, consider news media reports of disastrous events and how they change or affect public opinion. It has been suggested by Jason Young (2003) that news media agencies will intentionally sensationalize horrible events. Events uch as plane crashes seem more horrible than they already are when dramatized by the evening news. In todays age of excessive media coverage, that same plane crash is covered by most if not all media agencies thus creating a greater sense of menacing disaster associated with the event. This type of sensationalism can greatly influence the behavior or beliefs of the people who view them. Prejudice plays an a great role on learning as well. Through our social learning, we learn from the behavior of those around us. Learning through observation of others is a cornerstone of this type of learning. It has been well documented that bserving prejudice plays a large role in the development of beliefs in children. Learning to dislike someone because of race, credd, skin color, or sex in not a natural behavior, but one that is learned from others. The same can be applied to prejudice of places or things. Many likes and dislikes are formed through observation of others. Differences in types of Learning The different forms of conditioning mentioned in this paper allow for many layers of learning, and enable for greater learning potential. Classical conditioning allows learning through stimulus and response. If A is presented, then B happens. Through the use of conditioned stimuli and responses, a behavior can be learned and maintained. Operant conditioning occurs through external stimulus. If the behavior is met then it is reinforced through either positive or negative reinforcement. There are consequences for the behavior. If the behavior is met, and continued, then the consequences are favorable. If the behavior is not met, then the consequences are not favorable. Punishment is one of the consequences of not meeting the behavior. Punishments must be used wisely, however, or it may cause further deviation from the required behavior. Cognitive-social conditioning involves using cognitive methods to develop solutions to problems encountered. Those solutions help to shape ones behavior. It also involves learning through observation of the actions of others. All of these types of conditioning involve a cause and effect to develop a behavior. Classic and Operant conditioning use some sort of reward system to continue the behavior, while Cognitive-social conditioning is reinforced by observation or through further use of cognitive methods. Improving this Learning Experience Throughout the process of learning to overcome my fear of flying, I used all of the onditioning methods listed in this paper. There were several ways that this learning experience could have been improved. Part of my fear of flights was a fear of though I have no fear of flying, climbing a ladder can leave me in a cold sweat. I think that learning to control that portion of this fear set may have reduced the time it took to overcome the over all fear of flying. This could have been accomplished using obstacle course and confidence courses that used heights as an obstacle. Through the use of classical conditioning with conditioned stimuli and responses, I think that vercoming my fear of heights may have been accomplished relatively quickly. Another improvement could have been used to improve the learning process would be through operant conditioning. Through the process of rewarding positive results on the obstacles, it would have reinforced success rather than fear. Conclusion The fear of lying almost robbed me of one of the most wonderful experiences that I have lived to enjoy. Through the use of several types of learning and conditioning I was able to overcome a lifetime of fear boosted by media dramatization and by social eaction to aircraft mishaps.

Free Essays on Rave Community

The Rave Community According to Webster’s dictionary a community is defined as a body of people living in the same place under the same laws. With this definition, the concept of a community can virtually be applied to any group of people anywhere, and it is. Our society has numerous communities weather they are religious educational or geographic. There is one community that is present in almost every other community through at least one person. This is the rave culture. Some people might beg to differ that a rave fits the definition of a community. By looking at the history of how the rave community came to be, the people who embody it, and the â€Å"laws† or philosophy that they share, it is obvious that ravers have community all of their own existing perfectly in beat with all the other communities in today’s society. When a person examines a culture, a community or a society it is vital to study it’s history and origin so that we can gain a better understanding of why they are as they are now. The rave culture and community can be traced back as far as one would like to research it. Many people see a correlation between the rave scene and the 1960’s hippy movement with the be-ins the love-ins and the acid tests (hyperreal.org). Native American and African spiritual dances are very similar to the rave community’s gatherings (Brown) and some times even resembles the anarchist revolution in France and Italy (Collin, 84). The history is so complex that it could easily make a paper on it’s own, however the actual rave community that we know today has a more solid origin. Prior to 1987- 1988,the rave community was virtually non-existent. Around this time however small dance parties were springing up around Europe, mostly in England and Germany. As the popularity of these European all night parties grew so did its popularity around the world. With in years it had traveled to Australia, Japan and eventually America ... Free Essays on Rave Community Free Essays on Rave Community The Rave Community According to Webster’s dictionary a community is defined as a body of people living in the same place under the same laws. With this definition, the concept of a community can virtually be applied to any group of people anywhere, and it is. Our society has numerous communities weather they are religious educational or geographic. There is one community that is present in almost every other community through at least one person. This is the rave culture. Some people might beg to differ that a rave fits the definition of a community. By looking at the history of how the rave community came to be, the people who embody it, and the â€Å"laws† or philosophy that they share, it is obvious that ravers have community all of their own existing perfectly in beat with all the other communities in today’s society. When a person examines a culture, a community or a society it is vital to study it’s history and origin so that we can gain a better understanding of why they are as they are now. The rave culture and community can be traced back as far as one would like to research it. Many people see a correlation between the rave scene and the 1960’s hippy movement with the be-ins the love-ins and the acid tests (hyperreal.org). Native American and African spiritual dances are very similar to the rave community’s gatherings (Brown) and some times even resembles the anarchist revolution in France and Italy (Collin, 84). The history is so complex that it could easily make a paper on it’s own, however the actual rave community that we know today has a more solid origin. Prior to 1987- 1988,the rave community was virtually non-existent. Around this time however small dance parties were springing up around Europe, mostly in England and Germany. As the popularity of these European all night parties grew so did its popularity around the world. With in years it had traveled to Australia, Japan and eventually America ...

Preliminary Data Analysis and Reporting Plan-Qualitative Research Paper

Preliminary Data Analysis and Reporting Plan-Qualitative Method-submit a preliminary qualitative data analysis and repo - Research Paper Example Introduction According to agency theory, managers may have personal goals that compete with the goal of the institution or company they are running. Due to the imperfect labor and capital markets top managers seek to maximize their utility at the expense of the company. The need to expand rapidly and gain recognition among the top managers can lead to the manipulations (Bowie and Freeman, 1992) of accounts and give false reports to the boards of directors and the public. The managers also sometimes manipulate accounts for the sake of cushioning the company earnings. In order to hide corrupt deals in the company the managers are also engaged in the vice. In addition to the above, top managers are likely to manipulate the accounting to create false perceptions among the interested individuals and other firms in order to expand (Mohanram and Bartov, 2004). Research on earnings management estimate that 8-12% of companies with small pre-managed earnings decreases manipulate earnings to ac hieve earnings increases and 30-44 percent of companies with small pre-managed losses manage earnings to create positive perception (Barth and Taylor, 2010). Many managers have however engaged in financial reporting fraud instead of the legitimate earnings management (Beneish, 1999). Study design. ... In the institutional approach not all the managers are willing to give out the financial information of the company hence secondary information is necessary (Neuman, 2006). The advantages of this method of study are that it ensures specific information is obtained on the company the institution being studied. The approach also covers a given time in the lifespan of the selected institution hence it is easy to identify the manager in charge of the company or institution management at the time. In addition the approach permits in depth and detailed study of the selected category being studied (Patton, 2002). In this case I am going to analyze a case study of Tyco Company. Sampling technique The sampling method used in the research was the purposive sampling in which the institution being studied was singled out due to its past record and secondary information. To settle on the company earnings management various articles touching on the management of the company under the leadership of Dennis Kozlowski were reviewed. In addition to the articles, the information collected also contained the court proceedings and perceptions of various people including Kozlowski on the fraud he was charged with (Denzin & Lincoln, 1994). Under the leadership of Dennis Kozlowski, who became CEO of Tyco in 1990, the company’s revenues expanded from $3.1 billion to almost $40 billion. Most of this growth was due to a series of acquisitions that took Tyco into a diverse range of unrelated businesses. Kozlowski was initially lauded in the business press as a great manager who bought undervalued assets and then enhanced their value by imposing tight financial controls at the

Company report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Company report - Essay Example From manufacturing and installation of modern orbit presses till the repair, maintenance and troubleshooting of the presses as well. The Sizer is the innovation body of pellet manufacturing presses. The pellet manufacturing operations of the Sizer Ltd is competing with rivals, where the challenges are more enough to survive in industry. 1. Remit The boundary of this study is confined under management and financial factors to analyze. We will initially focus on the factors of SWOT analysis of the Sizer Ltd and the industrial factors facing by the firm. The Sizer Ltd dealing with two dimensions, first consists on the pellet manufacturing and supplying operations where the number of competitors are large whereas the Sizer is facilitating in three different large markets of the world. Next operation of this firm based on the engineering and technical support division, which provides the pellets manufacturing presses. In pellets presses industry, the Sizer is the global leader which innov ate this technology in mid-nineties. 2. Background of Sizer Ltd History of Sizer Ltd consists on the combination of engineering innovation as well as the quality manufacturing of pellets. A British pioneer engineer established Sizer Ltd in 1899 in Hull, England. The first ever pallet manufacturing press was designed by the Albert Sizer, son of Sizer’s founder with the name and style of Cuber. ... The basic robust designs rapidly improve to meet the market requirements of quality efficiency and the cost effectiveness and become the familiar Orbit Pellet Press. Simultaneously, Sizer providing the wide range of pallet presses and the spare parts with technical supports which includes the maintenance and installation of presses. The most selling press of Sizer, Orbit presses is the most efficient more for manufacturing of pallets, the main characteristics of Orbit is easy for installation and adaptable for bespoke applications. This use in diverse industries like manufacturing of animal feed, charcoal briquetting, biomass, malting and flour millings. It has capacity from 200kg / hour to 10000kg / hour range availability which depends on material and type of manufacturing. Year 2008, the industry of pellet producing was sacrificing for the impacts of recession, which shows in Figure 2 that lower quantity of pellet manufacturing stoves sold and installed whereas, only boilers sold out by the Sizer because of barrier of new entry in industry but the only capacity enhancement through the boilers. (See Figure 2) 3. Method and Tool of Analysis We choose the SWOT as best analysis tool to identify the strength, weaknesses, threads and weaknesses of Sizer Ltd and the competitors as well. SWOT Analysis is the more frequently and easily understandable tool to identify the international factors of the firms which exhibit all the internal and external factors to understand the current position of the firm and the market or industry, furthermore, it helps to create the strategies of future to more stabilize the firm and achieve the organizational goals by capturing the

Astronomy 123 Homework Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Astronomy 123 Homework - Assignment Example He believed that everything in the space was located within the galaxy. Shapley advocated a proposition of relative size to support his idea that if the Andromeda galaxy had not been part of the Milky Way then the distance of it could have been 1000000000 light year. This research was not fully welcomed by most of the scientists during the period. The Andromeda spiral almost sparkled at an era of time in the Andromeda galaxy. Outwardly and for new star, the gross energy was not reasonable. Consequently, the Andromeda and new star should be in Milky Way. The evidence showed optical spectrum of the spiral nebula was not distinguishable from spectrum of the galaxy. Shapley also utilized the kind of absurdum and reduction fully. If Andromeda had been independent, then it had possessed a miraculous brightness so that people could have detected from far. 3. Andrew McKellar was a Canadian astronomer, who studied physics and mathematics in the University of British Columbia. He showed his first observations to astronomers in 1930 and early 1940s. He suffered a number of setbacks that made him not to realize it. One of the setbacks was non-uniformity in observations. This was due to coherent fluctuations on angular scales that were larger than cosmological horizon at combination. Instrumental errors due to the use of different instruments were another major cause of difficulty in data collection. Planck telescope which was more sensitive and had larger angular resolution confirmed the axis of evil observation. Non- equivalent dependent variable designs used by Andrew McKellar hindered effective collection of

Micro Environment Analysis of Samsung

Micro Environment Analysis of Samsung Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chul. In 1938 Samsung was born as a company that was dealing with fruit vegetable and dried fish. The company was exporting its product from South Korea to Beijing in China. In 1969, Samsung Electronics was born. From there, the company started acquiring and creating different business establishments including a hospital, paper manufacturing plant, life insurance company, department stores and many others In 1974, Samsung electronics acquired half of Korea Semiconductor -this made it the leading electronics manufacturer in the country. In eighties Samsung Electronics merged with Samsung Semiconductors and Telecommunications. http://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/116664/electronics/the_history_of_samsung.html 2. MICRO ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS OF SAMSUNG The aim of this section is to conduct an internal environment analysis of Samsung which will investigate the environment in which Samsung operates in. components of the analysis will be those in which the company has control over, as known as internal environment. 2.1 Strength Samsung is the second biggest telecommunication industry in the world through its innovation smart phone. Samsung has wide range of product includes Cell phones, Tables, Tvs Cameras, Home appliances, laptops, etc. Samsung have increase their brand value in this past three to four years Samsung is leading in design features. For example Samsung is the first one to produce dual screen phones, and they have a thinnest and lightest note pad ever. Their design are attractive and stylish at the result their sales are moving in high volumes 2.2 Weakness Their prices are low, hence their product loss value easy in the market They launch a new phone after another that can cause confusion to the customers. Poor creativity in terms of software, mostly they steal Apples software ideas Their products are not use friendly, as compare to Nokia phones They are leading in hardware but they have too much dependence for their software from other parts. 3. EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS OF SAMSUNG This section will focus on the Macro environment of Samsung and I will explain how the external factors affect the company by looking in their opportunities and threats also go through PESTEL analysis. 3.1 Threats Low cost competitors from China can affect Samsung All Samsung competitors bought their product parts in Chine that can lead a future fall to Samsung. The war between Samsung and Apple might contaminate the image of Samsung Samsung was banned from importing their products in a Euro Zone that left a bad image of Samsung in that zone Apple is dominating in South and North America, and builds its brand to make any new difficult to operate there. Apple and Nokia they are in a process of merging, that could be a threat to Samsung because Nokia has built its brand already especial in Africa, which is Nokia can just take its customers In Australia, Google Nexus 7 have a market lion share which make Samsung straggle to penetrate the market smoothly because Australia does not see big difference Samsung tablets and Nexus 7 Sony has release a new tablet which has almost the same feature which Apple and Samsung have. In German, Samsung is straggling to penetrate the market because they believe that Samsung is incompetent, is copying from Apple iPod. (www.marketing91.com) 3.2 Opportunity Samsung need to introduce user friendly products and educate their market about their product, because there is a big market in Africa yet the majority is uneducated, Here in South Africa they need to open their own stores, whereby they go to sell only their own products Samsung could launch no name brand like MTN and Vodafone whereby they will take the out date old model, change only a cover and sell with cheaper price. 3.3 PESTEL ANALYSIS The PESTEL analysis is an analysis of the external macro environment in which an which an organization operates. These are often factors which are beyond the control or influence the business (RapidBi, 2013). PESTEL will be used as a tool to analyze the Macro environment of Samsung. 3.3.1 Political environment Looking at the political environment, how the impact of politics affecting Samsung globally, As much as Samsung is a good company not everybody see like that, due to the strong competition between Apple and Samsung it ended up involving government in other countries. American government trying to stop Samsung influences the Euro zone to block Samsung to have market around Europe. Specifically in German Samsung was forced to withdraw its Galaxy tablet. Also South Korea stops Samsung to operate in there due to the political differences between Japan and South Korean government. 3.3.2 Economic environment Samsung has expanded its business to more than 58 countries. Samsung mostly they invest heavily to the infrastructure in each end every country they have a business in. Here in South Africa they bought a land whereby they going to build the big plant, whereby it will manufacture or assemble its products for whole Africa, it means there are employment opportunities coming and there is an opportunity for South African economy. This plant is expected to employ more than 3000 people. 3.3.3 Social Environment Social trend in South African environment are constantly changing as new innovation technology and services have impact to the needs and wants of South African communities. The stats show that there is an increase attraction to the technology which has become the primary means of communication. Samsung find that gaps to improving peoples lives. The challenge is that many people do not know how to use Samsung products in a proper way especially these new tablet phones. People steal need to be educated on how to use these tablets phone that is a challenge of our societies. 3.3.4Technological environment Technology in South Africa has advance and grown rapidly over the years and has affected the way we do things here in South Africa. Technology has change the way the business is done as social media has a crucial role in sustainability strategy of most businesses. Samsung find a way of take a business out of the building structure to the pocket. By introducing Galaxy Note 2 is more tablet like than phone like, it mean that you can do you work in the public transport, in the restaurants, anywhere, without filling intermediated of carrying big machine. 3.3.5 Ecological environment Samsung Electronics is operating its own voluntary take-back system across Korea (Republic), using a network of 130 of service centers and Anycall Plaza retail outlets (exclusive outlets for Samsungs Any call brand). End of Life mobile phones are collected either free of charge, or in some cases with a customer reward. The returned phones are then sorted and transported to recycling facilities for scrapping. They makes an effort to develop environment-friendly product that minimizing an impact to environment through whole process from getting raw materials, production, transportation, usage and end-of-life disposal by adding environment on function, price, quality, design that were the essence for product development, Samsung reporting the recycling amounts for Korea and Japan from 2004, for Europe from 2005, and for the United States from 2006. For 2006, they have forecasted an estimate of volumes they expecting to recycle this year. (www.samsung.com) 3.3.6 Legal environment The South African government has decided in April of 2011, the Consumer Protection Act68 of 2008 should come in operation. This might have a negative impact to the company like Samsung because they have a tendency of dumping their low quality product in third world country to maximize their profit as they did in India. There are strong labour laws in South Africa which might have a strong negative impact to Samsung operating in South Africa as they intend to open a big factory in Johannesburg as a distribution center for Africa; it will be a challenge to them if they think they are going to exploit people in South Africa. 4. MARKETING ENVIRONMENT This section will be focusing on the Marketing Environment in which Samsung operates and I will be evaluating its effects on the new Tablet in term of the competitive in the industry. 4.1 Industrial Challenges This section will be broken into three parts: Porters 5 forces, competitive analysis by comparison and industry trend 4.1.1 Michael porters porters fives forces Porter five forces analysis is a framework for industry analysis and business strategy development formed by Michael E. Porter of Harvard Business School in 1979. It draws upon industrial organization (IO) economics to derive five forces that determine the competitive intensity and therefore attractiveness of a market. Attractiveness in this context refers to the overall industry profitability. An unattractive industry is one in which the combination of these five forces acts to drive down overall profitability. A very unattractive industry would be one approaching pure competition, in which available profits for all firms are driven to normal profit. (wikimedia.org) http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Porters_five_forces.PNG http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Porters_five_forces.PNG This model will be used to analyse the Industry Challenges faced by Samsung 4.1.1 The threat of potential new entrants capital is required to compete in technology industry. Capital to buy the equipments and capital to carry out the marketing activities and other expenses should be available. However, Microsoft will release its new first Tablet soon, this mean Microsoft will be a new threat to Samsung. Microsoft will lavage on the success of their software Product Differentiation So far theres no different on how the market design its software, hence the market hope that Microsoft will bring something new in the market, if not they will not survive in this industry because this only way they can differentiate themselves Even then, overcoming issues such as customer loyalty and switching costs would be another large barrier to entry such as Microsoft. 4.1.2 The threat of substitutes The threat of substitute products within the industry, however, is low. Even though there is an increased popularity of Tablets, they are busy doing same thing. However Samsung is the one who inventing a new trend that shift from tablet to galaxy phone which it have all feature that tablets has and smart phone features. This is the only direction the market goes. 4.1.3 The bargaining power of buyers Reliability is one of the area the companies should concentrate in, however if an organisation loss its focus on customer wants, it is easy for customer to move to another company. Companies should know how much the customer is will to pay. Buyers easily switch cost with the increased of choices of mobile companies because this products are similar to one another; If the company does not beat market, the buyer will switch to those companies that have better features or better price. However Samsung is sitting on top of the game, they always want to beat the market by releasing designs and they consider their prices they offer their customers, even now Samsung is the one have a cheaper tablet in the market. 4.1.4 Bargaining power of supplier Samsung is its own supplier of most components. Samsung also happens to be its own supplier for raw materials and they design for themselves. The bargaining power of suppliers is high because suppliers goods are critical to the buyers marketplace success, for example Samsung is a supplier of Apple which is the have a significant role in Apple prices. 5. INDUSTRY LEADERS Industry leaders are brands, products or companies that have power in the industry. This section will focus on the Industry leaders, the competition that the organization faces within the industry. This will rank the organization competitors according their service offering. Based on the above information it is clear that, Samsung tablets are the best in the market, even if Apple can take Samsung to the court. It is clear that a trend of Apple is going down little beat; looking at the Blackberry and Motorola Tablets they have almost the features Apple has. It is clear that the development team of Samsung are working hard, they know what is needed and what went wrong in the previous product they and looking at the improvements they have. Looking at the improvement they have It show that Samsung will survive in this industry for another ten years Desktop computer came and go, laptop is taken out by Tablets, if you look at Samsung Galaxy S4 it is a new trend of mobile technology because it a combination of a Tablet and smart phone and its memory is big a tablet, but its size is smaller and thinner. 6. RECOMMENDATIONS Samsung should try to make its products simpler (friendly usable), because their products are highly advance. They must try to give space between one model to another, because Samsung release one after other, they dont give you a change to full understand the current one you have. 7. BIBIOGRAPHY Http://www.slideshare.net/rajasekarkr/benefits-of-tables#btnFirst http://www.samsung.com/us/news/20372 http://techpinions.com/the-galaxy-note-2-one-gaint-step-for-android-phonees/14292 http>//techland.time.com/2013/01/07/why-tablets-hybrids-and-convertible-are-important-to-the-pc-industry/#xzz2MqJz5R6H

photosynthesis :: essays research papers

Organisms Depend Upon Photosynthesis A. Organisms Depend Upon Photosynthesis 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Photosynthetic organisms (algae, plants and a few other organisms) serve as ultimate source of food for most life. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Photosynthesis transforms solar energy into chemical bond energy of carbohydrates. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most food chains start with photosynthesizers. Solar Radiation Key Discoveries of Photosynthetic Process Structure of Chloroplasts Function of Chloroplasts A. Solar Radiation 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Solar radiation is described in terms of its energy content and its wavelength. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Photons are discrete packets of radiant energy that travel in waves. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of types of solar radiation based on wavelength. a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gamma rays have shortest wavelength. b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Radio waves have longest wavelength. c.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Energy content of photons is inversely proportional to wavelength of particular type of radiation. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Short-wavelength ultraviolet radiation has photons of a higher energy content. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Long-wavelength infrared light has photons of lower energy content. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  High-energy photons (e.g., those of ultraviolet radiation) are dangerous to cells because they can break down organic molecules by breaking chemical bonds. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Low-energy photons (e.g., those of infrared radiation) do not damage cells because they do not break chemical bonds but merely increase vibrational energy. d.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  White light is made up of many different wavelengths; a prism separates them into a spectrum. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Only 42% of solar radiation that hits earth’s atmosphere reaches surface; most is visible light. a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Higher energy wavelengths are screened out by ozone layer in upper atmosphere. b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lower energy wavelengths are screened out by water vapor and CO2. c.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Consequently, both the organic molecules within organisms are processes, such as vision and photosynthesis, are adapted to radiation that is most prevalent in the environment. 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Earth’s Energy-Balance sheet a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  42% of solar energy hitting atmosphere reaches earth surface; rest is reflected or heats atmosphere b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Only 2% of 42% is eventually used by plants; rest becomes heat. c.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Of this plant-intercepted energy, only 0.1 to 1.6% is incorporated into plant tissue. d.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Of plant tissue, only 20% is eaten by herbivores; most of rest decays or is lost as heat. e.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Of herbivore tissues, only 30% is eaten by carnivores. 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Photosynthetic pigments use primarily the visible light portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Two major photosynthetic pigments are chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Both chlorophylls absorb violet, blue, and red wavelengths best. c.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Very little green light is absorbed; most is reflected back; this is why leaves appear green. d.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Carotenoids are yellow-orange pigments which absorb light in violet, blue, and green regions. e.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When chlorophyll in leaves breaks down in fall, the yellow-orange pigments show through.

Medea’s situation Essay

Dogan people in the city who didn’t believe Cassandra because she was an outsider. In this play it  was learned that sometimes the most insightful people are the outsiders because they are not blinded by the normal activities of the main characters.  Another minor character that foretells the future is Medea’s nurse in The Medea. The Nurse has a different situation than Cassandra. She is more familiar with Meadea and her children and knows of their daily activities. She begins to have insight on Medea’s situation when Medea starts to see a change in her relationships between Jason and her children. She first foretells the murder of Medea’s children, who were indeed murdered but by Medea herself. In the very beginning of the story, the Nurse talks about Medea’s dwindling love for Jason. â€Å"But now there’s hatred everywhere, Love is diseased.†Ã‚  (Greene, Lattimore, Euripides I, 59)  With her love for Jason waning, she begins to think less and less of her children because they remind her of him.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"She has turned from the children and does not see them./I am afraid she may think of some dreadful thing,/For her heart is violent.† (Greene, Lattimore, Euripides I, 60)  With her heart â€Å"violent†, she doesn’t think anymore of the children except to carry out her evil plan which is to kill Creusa. Another quote that shows the deterioration of Jason’s and Medea’s relationship is the conversation that the Nurse and the Tutor were having. â€Å"And will Jason put up with it that his children/Should suffer so, though he’s no friend to their mother?† (Greene, Lattimore,  Dogan 4  Euripides I, 61)  The Nurse is showing her concern here when she asks about what would Jason do about his children since he’s not in love with Medea anymore. Towards the end, it is subtly made known that Jason only wanted the children as heirs to the throne that he did not take because Medea killed Creusa. The Nurse may not have foreshadowed as much as Cassandra did, but she gave the reader an idea of what was going to happen to the children.  In conclusion, minor characters do have some meaning plot-wise. They are not blinded by the everyday life of the main characters allowing them to see the obvious without the help from others. Without them, the story would be mainly about two or more parties and their actions minus the suspense that the minor character gives the reader. (947) Works Cited Greene, David and Lattimore, Richard, eds. Aeschylus I. The University of Chicago. 1953.

Definition and Examples of Propaganda

Definition and Examples of Propaganda Propaganda is a form of psychological warfare that involves the  spreading of information and ideas to advance a cause or discredit an opposing cause.   In their book Propaganda and Persuasion (2011), Garth S. Jowett and Victoria ODonnell define propaganda as the deliberate and systematic attempt to shape perceptions, manipulate cognitions, and direct behavior to achieve a response that furthers the desired intent of the propagandist. Pronunciation: prop-eh-GAN-da Etymology: from the Latin, to propagate Examples and Observations Every day we are bombarded with one persuasive communication after another. These appeals persuade not through the give-and-take of argument and debate but through the manipulation of symbols and of our most basic human emotions. For better or worse, ours is an age of propaganda.(Anthony Pratkanis and Elliot Aronson, Age of Propaganda: The Everyday Use and Abuse of Persuasion, rev. ed. Owl Books, 2002) Rhetoric and Propaganda Rhetoric and propaganda, both in popular and academic commentary, are widely viewed as interchangeable forms of communication; and historical treatments of propaganda often include classical rhetoric (and sophistry) as early forms or antecedents of modern propaganda (e.g., Jowett and ODonnell, 1992. pp. 27-31).(Stanley B. Cunningham, The Idea of Propaganda: A Reconstruction. Praeger, 2002)Throughout the history of rhetoric, . . . critics have deliberately drawn distinctions between rhetoric and propaganda. On the other hand, evidence of the conflation of rhetoric and propaganda, under the general notion of persuasion, has become increasingly obvious, especially in the classroom, where students seem incapable of differentiating among the suasory forms of communication pervasive now in our heavily mediated society. . . .In a society where the system of government is based, at least in part, on the full, robust, give-and-take of persuasion in the context of debate, this conflation is de eply troubling. To the extent that all persuasive activity was lumped together with propaganda and given the evil connotation (Hummel Huntress 1949, p. 1) the label carried, persuasive speech (i.e. rhetoric) would never hold the central place in education or democratic civic life it was designed to. (Beth S. Bennett and Sean Patrick ORourke, A Prolegomenon to the Future Study of Rhetoric and Propaganda. Readings in Propaganda and Persuasion: New and Classic Essays, ed by Garth S. Jowett and Victoria ODonnell. Sage, 2006) Examples of Propaganda A massive propaganda campaign by the South Korean military drew an ominous warning from North Korea on Sunday, with Pyongyang saying that it would fire across the border at anyone sending helium balloons carrying anti-North Korean messages into the country.A statement carried by the North’s official news agency said the balloon-and-leaflet campaign by the puppet military in the frontline area is a treacherous deed and a wanton challenge to peace on the Korean Peninsula.(Mark McDonald, N. Korea Threatens South on Balloon Propaganda. The New York Times, Feb. 27, 2011)The US military is developing software that will let it secretly manipulate social media sites by using fake online personas to influence internet conversations and spread pro-American propaganda.A Californian corporation has been awarded a contract with United States Central Command (Centcom), which oversees US armed operations in the Middle East and Central Asia, to develop what is described as an online persona m anagement service that will allow one US serviceman or woman to control up to 10 separate identities based all over the world.(Nick Fielding and Ian Cobain, Revealed: US Spy Operation That Manipulates Social Media. The Guardian, March 17, 2011) ISIS Propaganda Former US public diplomacy officials fear the sophisticated, social media-borne propaganda of the Islamic State militant group (Isis) is outmatching American efforts at countering it.Isis propaganda runs the gamut from the gruesome video-recorded beheadings of journalists James Foley and Steven Sotloff to Instagram photographs of cats with AK-47s, indicating a comfort Isis has with internet culture. A common theme, shown in euphoric images uploaded to YouTube of jihadi fighters parading in armored US-made vehicles captured from the Iraqi military, is Isis’s potency and success. . . .Online, the most visible US attempt to counter to Isis comes from a social media campaign called Think Again Turn Away, run by a State Department office called the Center for Strategic Counterterrorism Communications.(Spencer Ackerman, Isiss Online Propaganda Outpacing US Counter-Efforts. The Guardian, September 22, 2014) The Aims of Propaganda The characteristic that propaganda is a form of mass media argumentation should not, in itself, be regarded as sufficient for drawing the conclusion that all propaganda is irrational or illogical or that any argument used in propaganda is for that reason alone fallacious. . . .[T]he aim of propaganda is not just to secure a respondents assent to a proposition by persuading him that it is true or that it is supported by propositions he is already committed to. The aim of propaganda is to get the respondent to act, to adopt a certain course of action, or to go along with and assist in a particular policy. Merely securing assent or commitment to a proposition is not enough to make propaganda successful in securing its aim.(Douglas N. Walton, Media Argumentation: Dialectic, Persuasion, and Rhetoric. Cambridge University Press, 2007) Recognizing Propaganda The only truly serious attitude . . . is to show people the extreme effectiveness of the weapon used against them, to rouse them to defend themselves by making them aware of their frailty and their vulnerability instead of soothing them with the worst illusion, that of a security that neither mans nature nor the techniques of propaganda permit him to possess. It is merely convenient to realize that the side of freedom and truth for man has not yet lost, but that it may well loseand that in this game, propaganda is undoubtedly the most formidable power, acting in only one direction (toward the destruction of truth and freedom), no matter what the good intentions or the goodwill may be of those who manipulate it.(Jacques Ellul, Propaganda: The Formation of Mens Attitudes. Vintage Books, 1973)

Coronary Artery Disease Essays - Medicine, Circulatory System, RTT

Coronary Artery Disease Essays - Medicine, Circulatory System, RTT Coronary Artery Disease Student's Name University affiliation Course Instructor Date Coronary Artery Disease Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the most common of the known heart diseases. This disease develops when the arteries that supply the heart with blood, nutrients and oxygen are damaged. Coronary Artery Disease is characterized with hardened and narrowed blood vessels as result of the buildup of cholesterol and other materials known as plague in the arterial walls (Wessel, 2004). Plague and cholesterol block the arteries making it hard for them to transport blood, nutrient and even oxygen to other parts of the body where they are needed. The heart muscles fail to get blood and oxygen and can lead to a severe heart attack or angina. If this problem continues for a long time, a person can suffer from a heart failure and/or arrhythmias. These two conditions are fatal if not treated as soon as they are detected. The development of the coronary artery can be a gradual process. There are a number of risk factors that are associated with CAD such as the height of a person, obesity, body m etabolic index BMI, physical fitness, and lifestyle. In most cases, it starts from the young age and develops slowly up to the old age. When the arteries are narrowed, they tend to develop new blood vessels as a way of trying to get the blood to the heart. However, the mushrooming blood vessels do not manage to supply the required blood to the heart. Instead, what happens is that they cause more blockage of the main artery. Sometimes, because of increase blood pressure, the plague raptures and blocks the blood supply to the heart. Coronary artery disease is a serious disease and can be avoided only by practicing a healthy lifestyle. It is the most common heart disease in the United States affecting more than 15 million Americans (Borgeraas et al., 2014). In the United Kingdom, Coronary Artery Disease is the most feared human killer among the known diseases. Over 2.3 million people, comprising 1.4 million and 0.85 million men and women respectively are living CAD in the United Kingdom (Borgeraas et al., 2014). In this paper, I will p rovide a comprehensive review of two research papers related to the coronary artery disease. In each paper, I will look at the hypothesis of the study, population used in the research and the study design of the article. The two research papers are: Relationship of Physical Fitness versus Body Mass Index with Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiovascular Events in Women by Wessel. The other research paper that I will review is, Genetically Determined Height and Coronary Artery Disease by Nelson et al. Relationship of the Physical Fitness vs. the Body Mass Index (BMI) with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Cardio Vascular (CV) Events in Women Study hypothesis - The authors of this study hypothesized that there exist a relationship between obesity, waist circumference, waist height ratio and waist-hip ratio and the physical fitness and the postmenopausal estrogen with coronary artery disease risk factors, adverse cardiovascular and angiographic coronary artery disease events in women evaluated for suspected myocardial ischemia (Colombo et al., 2015; Wessel, 2004). Population-Multicenter prospective cohort study - 936 women were enrolled at four US academic medical centers at the time of clinically indicated coronary angiography (Wessel, 2004). Study Design-Among the adult women and men in the US, close to two-thirds are overweight and also more than one-third are obese, and these proportions are rapidly increasing. There have been previous studies that show physical activity, and fitness is predictive of Cardio Vascular risk. However, many studies of physical activity and fitness have excluded women with known or suspected Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). The Roles of obesity and fitness as independent risk factors for CHD and adverse events in women remain unresolved (Wessel, 2004). This study was observational in nature, across four years 936 women were enrolled in this study. Enrollees were initially assessed, and a follow-up was conducted six weeks after enrollment and then yearly. The Participants were questioned about the occurrence of adverse events, and if they responded with any adverse events physicians were reached out to for confirmation, dates, and any documentation available (Wessel, 2004). To evaluate physical fitness, the

(Biochip Microfluidic Vortex Chamber) and (Biochip with Integrated Essay

(Biochip Microfluidic Vortex Chamber) and (Biochip with Integrated Vertical Emitting Light Source) - Essay Example The â€Å"optical imaging technology† (Bachman, 1986) was the best materials system of its time for fabricating â€Å"photodiode arrays† (Bachman, 1986) that were used in NASA’s satellite system. Bachman considered this to be just the beginning of experimentation with microgravity for the production of semiconductors. He articulated the need for further advances in physics to improve the photoconductive properties of the detectors in order to improve the quality of the satelites Twenty years later Bachman’s optical imaging device is being applied to identify diseases, as well as, analize the chemical and biological properties of different cystals and alloys in vortex chambers. The photoconductive device described in the study offers a cost effective method of fabricating biochips when coupled with simulation software known as Comsol software.Industries outside of quasi-government agencies such as NASA are utilizing microgravity technology. The budgets of these industries are not limitless, and therefore are in need of a feasible way of applying the quantum leap in semiconductor quality that is due to the microgravity science, without incurring the considerable costs that would keep them out of the field of biotechnology. The model described in this study offers theoretical outcomes when describing modified conditions calculated in simulation software as well as the actual observed events that occur within the various chambers of the photoconductive device. The properties that were observed utilizing simulated fluidic vortex chamber device are fluid flow, concentration and diffusion, and electrical conductivity. The conditions that were modified were velocity of fluid flow, locations of fluid concentration, and length of time the fluid would be concentrated at various locations. The results that the changing conditions as described in the â€Å"incompressible Navier-Stoke equation†.

The internet on thinking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The internet on thinking - Research Paper Example (Greenbalt, 776). In answering these questions, traditional thinking can be described and evaluated. In evaluating it, then the impact of the internet on it can be revealed. Traditional thinking is slow. Slow because it requires careful considerations based on many considerations without the help of any readily available resources. The internet has come in and made it faster. At times, thinking has become instanteneous as a result of readily available resources availed by the internet. Traditional thinking involved thinking based on one consideration or just a few. However, with the internet in place now, it has resulted in what may be deemed as an enhancement. Enhancing the way may sources are integrated into thinking. By integrating many sources of information from the internet into thinking, persons are able to think diversely and make highly supported decisions (Greenbalt, 776). As such, the intergration of many sources of thinking has brought about an era of vast amounts of innovation in almost all areas of our lives. This innovation has been rapid as compared to the past. The difference between the era before the internet and this era of the internet is that, in traditional forms of life before the internet, people were ford of linear time, slow face to face connections, centaralised centres of decision making and one-sided decisions (Ã¥ ¸Æ'Ã¥  ¢Ã¥ §â€ Ã¦â€" ¯Ã¤ ¼ ¯Ã©â€¡Å'å‡ ºÃ§â€°Ë†Ã¥â€¦ ¬Ã¥  ¸, 141).But as of now, people have learnt to change their ways of thinking to conform to a fast and mainly instant world that has large concurrent, multi – tasking and synchronized abilities that have been made probable by innovation emanating from the internet. Innovation resulting from new ways of thinking brought about by the internet is very much evident in day to day lives. For example, new services and products are always been revealed at a highly frequent rate. These new innovations are from unprecedented sources and as such, it has